Bank Levy and Property Lien: The Enforcement Tools That Work While You Sleep

Two of the most powerful child support enforcement tools require no ongoing effort from the custodial parent once initiated: bank levies and property liens. Both operate automatically once in place — the bank freezes and turns over funds, the property cannot be sold without satisfying the lien. Neither requires the payer’s cooperation.

Bank Levy via FIDM

California’s Financial Institution Data Match (FIDM) program under Family Code §17450 runs quarterly searches of bank accounts at all California financial institutions against child support cases with arrears. When a match is found, the account can be frozen and levied. The custodial parent does not initiate individual levies — the program runs automatically for enrolled cases. Confirming enrollment is the only action required.

Property Liens

A recorded Abstract of Judgment (Form EJ-001) creates a lien on any real property the payer owns in the recorded county. The lien shows up in every title search. When the payer tries to sell or refinance, escrow pays the lien from proceeds before the seller receives anything. Record in every county where the payer owns or may own property — there is no limit on the number of counties.

The 10% Interest Rate

Child support arrears accrue interest at 10% per year in California — significantly higher than most investment returns. The Abstract of Judgment should reflect the arrears plus accrued interest. Recalculate and record an updated Abstract periodically to capture accrued interest in the lien amount.

Educational use only. Not legal advice. Justice Foundation.